Simple, practical explainers on the stock market, IPOs and investing.
Looking for one term? The A–Z glossary lists every explainer on one page.
88 articles
Every mainboard IPO in India divides its shares among qualified institutional buyers, non-institutional investors and retail individual investors, with each group bidding into its own reserved pool. This article explains who belongs where, why the reservation exists, how the rules differ between categories, and why demand is reported separately for each.
When an issue is reported as subscribed a certain number of times, that figure is a simple ratio of shares bid for to shares offered. This article works through the arithmetic, separates the overall multiple from the category-wise ones, and shows exactly how a subscription number translates into allotment probability.
Every IPO subscription figure is one division: shares bidders asked for, divided by shares offered to that group. This guide unpacks what sits in each half of that fraction, why the category rows must be read separately, how demand builds across bidding days, and which readings of the table are simply wrong.
Between the moment bidding closes and the day a stock lists, a registrar has to match millions of bids against bank confirmations, throw out the ones that fail, allocate what is left bucket by bucket, and run a draw of lots where retail demand exceeds supply. This is what happens in those few days.
A few days after an IPO closes, the registrar files a document called the Basis of Allotment. It is short, unglamorous and the only official explanation of why you received one lot, three lots or nothing at all. This guide walks through its tables column by column and shows how to trace a single application through them.
An IPO allotment result is produced by the issue registrar and then mirrored by exchanges, brokers, depositories and banks. This guide explains the identifiers you need, the three practical routes for checking, what each possible result means, and why a blank search often has nothing to do with rejection.
In an Indian public issue your application money never leaves your bank account, so a refund today means the release of a block rather than the return of a payment. This guide traces where the money sits, how partial allotment is settled, what normally delays a release, and how to escalate when it does not move.
You tap apply, the broker says the bid was submitted, and the approval request never reaches your payments app. This guide walks a beginner through the five places a UPI mandate breaks, how to tell which one you hit from the screens you already have, and the habits that stop it happening again.
The listing date is the first day a newly issued share can be bought or sold on the exchange. This guide follows the sequence from issue close to the opening bell, explains why the exchange uses a special pre-open call auction instead of ordinary trading, and shows how the clearing price that becomes the opening price is actually calculated.
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